WHAT IS 3D RENDERING?

A STRAIGHTFORWARD GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING THE 3D VISUALIZATION PROCESS.

  • 3D rendering is creating a 2D image or animation (a collection of multiple images played back at a specific frame rate) of a 3D scene generated by computer software.

3D Rendering vs 3D Modeling

  • 3D rendering doesn’t exist without 3D modeling.

  • 3D modeling always comes before 3D rendering in the 3D visualization process.

  • 3D modeling is the process of creating 3D objects using specialized software. The 3D object is made by manipulating simple shapes, complex models, and polygons using a 3D modeling software. This representation is called a 3D model, and conveys an object’s shape, size, and texture. 

  • Once the model is created, the 3D rendering process transforms the model into an intricate, high-quality, and true-to-life image. When combined, 3D modeling and 3D rendering are two steps designers take to make computer-generated imagery (CGI).

A simple overview of the process is as follows:

  1. The designer models the scene.

  2. Materials are set up (glass, concrete, brick, etc.).

  3. Lighting is set up.

  4. The image/animation is computed (render the image/video).

Designers break up 3D rendering projects into a series of steps, starting with the 3D model, and transforming it into a 2D representation. Depending on the size of the project and the software the designer uses, these steps may vary. Typically, the 3D rendering process is as follows.

Before

A few steps have to happen before the designer can roll up their sleeves to start rendering. This step is not necessary for the rendering process if the model is already provided to the designer.

  • Concept: It’s always a good idea to hold a consultation or initial meeting to discuss the vision and goals of the project, the company, or the targeted audience for the image/animation. Based on these details, it’s easier to narrow down the final version.

  • Analysis: With the vision in mind, project analysis begins. This includes deciding on details like lighting, camera angles, color, texture, and environment.

  • 3D model: A digital representation of the object or surface is created as a 3D model.

During

Once the model is complete, the designer can start rendering. 

  • Materials and Textures: The designer has to consider the object’s material to create a realistic render. The artist may change the material settings and appearance to get the most realistic visual representation possible. For instance, they may go from shiny plastic to woven linen for more enhanced visuals.

  • Lighting: Light and its reflections are crucial to realistic rendering. It’s all about the shadows and how they make the image appear real. Without convincing lighting, the result may look fake or unnatural. 

  • Details: After texture and light, the designer adds other sculpting and more details to complete the concept. This can include features that make the render feel ‘real’. Examples include people, nature, real skies and a lot more.

  • Feedback and Refining: It’s important to get the input of the client so that changes can be made before the work is considered complete. 

After

Once the finishing touches are complete, one final step goes into 3D rendering.

  • Delivery: The client receives the final image/animation. How the final image/animation is saved depends on if it’s being used for print, film, web, or video.